Fair and efficient? How stakeholders view investments to avoid deforestation in Indonesia

1. Negotiations have barely started on how to share REDD incentives along the value chain that generates certified emission reductions.


2. Interviewed stakeholders are realistic, and not overly optimistic, in expecting most funds to support transaction costs, rather than activities on the ground.


3. Considerable nuance exists on how 'fairness' and 'efficiency' are perceived, as debates on fairness focus on moral values and those on efficiency target urgent emission reduction.


4. Meeting REDD goals requires balancing fairness and efficiency, which is seen as allocation of equal fund between direct emission reduction and long-term sustainable development, while reducing transaction costs.


5. The FERVA method is a replicable platform for stakeholder discussions and data collection across diverse settings.